Laurell K. Hamilton on Writing Real Characters... and Letting Them Have Sex

Mindy:   Welcome to Writer Writer Pants on Fire, where authors talk about things that never happened to people who don't exist. We also cover craft, the agent hunt, query trenches, publishing, industry, marketing and more. I'm your host, Mindy McGinnis. You can check out my books and social media at mindymcginnis dot com and make sure to visit the Writer Writer Pants on Fire blog for additional interviews, query critiques and more as well as full transcriptions of each podcast episode at WriterWriterPants on Fire.com. And don’t forget to check out the Writer, Writer, Pants on Fire Facebook page. Give me feedback, suggest topics you’d like to hear discussed, and let me know if there is someone you’d love to see as a guest.

Mindy: Just a note for my usual listeners. Today's guest is Laurell K. Hamilton, and we will be talking pretty extensively about sex in the second part of this episode after the break. So, if you're someone that doesn't care to listen to that, or if you're someone that likes to listen to this podcast in the car with your kids or somebody you don't want to talk about sex in front of... Probably don't listen to the second part of this podcast. 

We're here with Laurell K. Hamilton, author of the Anita Blake, Vampire Hunter series, as well as the Merry Gentry series, as well as the Zaniel Havelock series. So Smolder, which is the 29th Anita Blake novel, will be coming out on March 21st. Tell us a little bit about Smolder. I think my first question really is, how do you as a writer continue to be excited rolling into book number 29?

Laurell: It's like going back to old friends. But more than that, when I was first setting out to start writing the series, I started putting together the first story in the world in the mid-1980s, late 1980s, and I went and read long-running series. At that time, it was only mystery novels that had long running series, and what I noticed, even the best mystery series, there is a slump for at least one book between book 5 and book 8. You can see the writer is falling a little bit out of love with their world or their character, and it's across the board almost without exception. I think that Robert B. Parker’s Spenser series didn't have it, but it's almost the only one. Even if the book is good, there's just a little less joie de vivre in the process. So I thought, "Why are they falling out of love with their characters?" They usually get back on the train, and they're happy after that, but there's that little slump. So what would cause that? And I thought, "Well, if I had to write a straight mystery, and I couldn't play with anything else, I think I would get bored." 

So, I decided I would add my love of the supernatural and folklore and myth into our modern world. That's how Anita Blake's world was created, and I thought I won't get bored with this. If everything that goes bump in the night is real, and I have mystery and murder and all that cool stuff mixed together... If I can mix all the genres, I think I won't get bored. And you know what? Here I am - book 29 and I am never bored. I have the best time because I keep learning something new with every book. I've learned something new about my world, about my characters. The other thing I think for some long running series, especially mystery series - they try to keep the tone of every book the same. I thought, again, that would not interest me as a writer. One of the reasons I have such a big character growth. My character arcs for growth are unusual in how much characters can grow and change over the life of the series, and that again, helps me stay interested. If I've shoved my characters in a box and said, "No, this is your area. This is your box. Stay in your box." I think I would have been bored by now, but because I let them grow and change just like real people. My imaginary friends get to have a life too. I think that's one of the reasons I come to every book excited and learn new things, and that's really I think the secret.

Mindy: I agree. I think it is important, like you're saying... You said my imaginary friends have lives too. I love that. I have a book coming out next week. My main character, the narrator... I had a very distinct way that I wanted her to be, for her to bounce off of the other main character, and it was very imperative to the plot and the growth of both of them that they be the way that I wanted them to be in my head. And then I started writing, and it was Chapter 1. I started writing this character, and she was supposed to be just very type A. Really Good. Never does anything wrong. Always striving to be the best, and also actually be good. And I started writing her, and her internal monologue... She was pissed. She was angry. Her exterior was, "Yes. What can I do to help you? I'm here." And her interior was, "What am I getting out of this?" And I was just like, "Oh my God! No, you're not. What are you doing?" Okay, you're much more interesting now and I let her be that person. And it ended up changing the plot, and it changed so many things about the book. And it made it a better book.

Laurell: It does. Now, you have to be careful because if my characters come up with a better idea that actually is in line with them as people, then I will throw out a third of my plot because they are just better than I thought they were and the villain is not powerful enough. Or they think of a totally different way out of the situation that is more logical for them as their character, I will explore it. And most of the time, they're right. Every once in a while, it's a rabbit hole and it doesn't lead to wonderland. It leads more to like... That is just rabbit poop. We need to back 'er up and find the other exits. But most of the time, like you said, the characters know themselves. And once you create a character and you start writing them, the process of putting them on the page often changes them, sometimes in small ways and sometimes in big ways, but the process of writing is where you explore a character. Especially a new one. It's like a coffee date. You're sitting down across from them and going, "Okay, who are you?" Here's who I think you are, but once you start writing, sometimes they're not who you thought they were.

Mindy: And it can take you to great places. It can also derail you, as you said. But ultimately, if you're treating them like real people, you're just getting to know them better. And even if you might not allow them to go directly in the path that they were aiming for originally, you might find a nice little halfway between that is exactly the right place for both of you.

Laurell: And the people that are my magic friends that I've written for all these many years... People say, "well, how do you keep them straight? How do you keep what they look like and stuff?" And I go, "Well, how do you keep your friends straight?"

Mindy: Yeah.

Laurell: You just know what they look like. I will add one caveat. Height, for some reason. I don't know why. Height. Height and eye color. If it's a new character, whatever eye color they started with, it's a roll of the dice whether I change it the next book. And if you're tall in my books, you'll get taller. If you're short in my book, you'll get shorter. I don't know why but those are two things I have to watch out for.

Mindy: Well, this is why we have copy editors.

Laurell: They don't always catch it.

Mindy: Oh really?

Laurell: Really. That's why I've started policing it myself. Sometimes they catch it, and sometimes they don't. And it's just those two things. It's the eye color and the height. I think that's why I noticed it, because I think the copy editors catch everything else.

Mindy: I have trouble with linear time. That never works out well for me. I have come to the point where I will not say specific days, months, even in my books because I always mess it up. I give them a general, this is the season. Like it's summer, winter, spring, fall. Or school just started. Or it's summer break. But I will never use specific dates. I'll never say what day of the week it is. I typically am never going to say even what month it is, because I will mess it up.

Laurell: I'm usually good on months, but yes, I'm vague on days.

Mindy: My book that comes out next week is a murder mystery, and timelines are really freaking important in murder mysteries. I had a character... There was photographic evidence of her doing something and still being alive after a point where she was actually dead. And so it's like... The copy editor's like, "Hey, she was dead when this photo was taken of her hanging out of this party." And I'm like, "God damnit!"

Laurell: The one thing early in the series that nobody caught - my editor didn't catch it. Copy editor didn't catch it. I didn't catch it. Readers didn't catch it. My writer's group didn't catch it. Fans didn't catch it for years. It was years after that book came out before somebody caught the fact that in Circus of the Damned, Anita has a car that she drives. It gets wrecked. She's driving it the rest of the book. It happens.

Mindy: It sure does. The people may be very real, but the details can get foggy.

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Mindy: One of the things that you and I were talking about before I started recording that I think is an interesting thing to bring up for everyone else to be a part of the conversation. Your books do tend to have some spice to them. Like they're sex positive. They're fun to read. As I said before, I write YA. I have been getting hit with the censorship wave that is rolling through education and libraries right now. Sex is one of the biggest things that is a trigger. Violence usually is actually okay. It's really weird to me. The tiers of what is unacceptable. Language is kind of a medium. Violence usually gets a pass. And sex? No. Never ever. Don't even think about it. If you're under 18, you don't have genitals. I also will say, I do not put sex on the page because I worked in a high school for 14 years, and it just makes me personally feel a little bit icky.

Laurell: I have never had a character that is under the age of 18 have sex on paper on stage. So, I also have consent age as well. I've had one character that was legally of age but under 18. They had sex, but it's never shown. That is the one rule I have on sex. It's just an iffy subject. Under 18? I treat my books like if you're under 18, it won't be on stage sex in my books. It just won't. One of the interesting things about traveling internationally for events is that in America, people have trouble with the sexual content of the Anita Blake series. But when I traveled to Italy, the reporters there said, “Why did I wait so long for her to have sex?” Especially with Jean-Claude. She's not a modern woman because she waited so long. They had a problem with the violence. I traveled in France and Italy for that. They both had more trouble with the violence as readers than the sexual content. That didn't bother them. But in America, it's always the sex that bothers and not the violence. And it's a cultural difference. If you'd never travel outside of this country, you don't know that.

Mindy: I never know the temperature of the room. Whether it's because I write YA or if it's, like you're saying, this is just the way our country operates, and it sounds like sex, in the United States, is the thing that's going to get you possibly in trouble or ruffle feathers.

Laurell: I've actually never been censored. I've never been told I can't. I had one book where they wanted me to take out one scene, not because of sexual content, but because they just thought there was too much. I've only been told once that something was questioned on the polyamory. I was writing polyamory before non-monogamy was cool. And my answer to that was to write the book Jason, which was a small book in between the larger books. It's all poly. It's all poly. It is the only book I've ever written that's not a mystery. And since I am polyamorous, that was like saying, your sexual orientation is not okay.

Mindy: Yeah.

Laurell: And so I wrote Jason which is all about polyamory and sex and BDSM. It is all about that and how relationships work. And it was the number one best selling book in the country. So, you know, I'm good. I have never had anybody question me. I've never had anybody say no. I have had my editors twice come back and want a sex scene. Once upon a time when I started the series, my goal was to not have sex on-screen. Was to have every kiss and caress so good you wouldn't need the sex. Which was incredibly naïve of me. But when I finally realized that I had written violent crime scenes and serial killer books with plot lines with no compunction about the violence. But writing a sex scene between two people that have known each other for years and care about each other, that bothered me? It bothered me that it bothered me.

Mindy: Yup.

Laurell: And so I just said, "Okay, if I do not look away. If the camera does not look away from the violence, then I will not look away from the sex." Because the sex is a positive thing. The violence is not. It deserves its own camera, and that is why when Anita finally had sex, we had it on stage and we didn't look away. Positive sex with someone you care about deserves as much attention as violence and crime, and if it doesn't, then what did that say about me as a writer? As a person? Well, it said, I'm very American. I don't know why we are like this, but we are as a cultural thing. Violence is okay. Sex is not. And this attitude has regulated God to be the sex police. God is not the sex police. I do not know where we came up with this idea that sex is more important than anything else to regulate. It is a very American ideal.

So, book 10 is where the polyamory comes in, and I had people upset with me because Anita didn't just pick one. I researched it. I researched polyamory. I researched BDSM. I researched everything. I ended up being part of the community, but even before I was part of the communities, I did my research. And one of the things that is my big bug-a-boo is I'm reading somebody, and it's obvious they've done no research on alternate culture. Alternate culture of BDSM. Alternate ways of living. It always shows. And if you're part of that community, if that's your sexual orientation, and you always know that it rings false. Why does it matter as long as the person is in committed relationship with one or more people, as long as everybody is consenting adults, why does anybody care who they're sleeping with and what they're doing behind closed doors? Why does it matter? I don't understand that. That is a question I've actually asked people, and they never have a good answer. "Just because it's wrong" is not an answer.

Mindy: I think I, in a way, came into writing YA fairly naive as well in that I did not quite realize the level of antagonism that I would face. I don't have sex on the page, and I don't have sexual assault on the page either. But it happens. People get extremely uncomfortable with that very quickly. I don't understand that. I find that with sex in general, like you said earlier and I could not agree more, positive sex... Take out the teens 'cause like I said, I won't put it on the page. Writing a positive sex scene, people who are expressing their love to each other physically, how is this a bad thing? But you're okay with someone's head being completely sheared off? We can put that on the page and we can describe it and it's fine. As soon as we have people taking their clothes off, you've verged into a place where the camera should not go.

Laurell: Okay, so I had one-on-one sex between people who care about each other, and most people were okay with that. Added the poly, some people not. There is no sex in the first four books. There's adult situations, but no sex. I had people starting to complain by Book 5, and I had to go back and read Book 5 because there's no sex in Book 5 in my head. But there is sex, just the main character doesn't have sex. Jason... I won't give it away what happened, but let's just say it went horribly, horribly wrong. And it was a horrific scene. I've had a couple of men say that now I have ruined certain fantasies for them forever. I had some people have trouble just with that. I started asking people that were complaining about sexual content... I said, "Okay, where do you want it to stop?" And when they would say, "Well, it's just the middle books. It's just... There was so much in this book." But everyone has a different point where they wanna say, "No. We're done." I can't please everybody.

Mindy: It's so interesting what the cut-offs are for people as well. I will never forget. When I was in high school, I went to go see the movie Wild Things in the theater. Do you remember that movie?

Laurell: No.

Mindy: I can't remember her name. Charlie Sheen's ex-wife, Neve Campbell, and Kevin Bacon. Two teenage girls and two adult men. And there's sex with a teenage girl and an adult male who's her teacher. There's sex between the two girls. There's group sex. There's all these things going on. And it's on screen. Everybody's sitting there. Everybody's cool. Everybody is getting through the movie. I'm not hearing disgusted reactions. Everything's fine. Towards the end, there's full frontal male nudity, and people got up and left. That was what broke it for them. Kevin Bacon, like getting out of the shower. It wasn't even a sexual situation. He's just getting out of the shower. Everything else... Nobody had a problem. But show us a penis and they were just like, "Oh! Oh dear!" and they had to leave.

Laurell: Was their full-frontal female nudity?

Mindy: I don't believe there was.

Laurell: I don't know why they clutch their pearls then.

Mindy: I don't either. Really, guys? This is the thing? This is what's gonna make you go, "Oh, this is unacceptable"? Okay.

Laurell: I thought that we were doing a better job in our country educating people on sex. On their bodies. On comfortable-ness with themselves. Boy, was I wrong. Okay, you worked in a school system, and I know that kids can't always talk to you. But I am hearing a new generation of women are being told that they don't have to enjoy sex. That they have to do sex with their boyfriends. It's not about your pleasure. It's about their pleasure. If you look at media, what media shows us like on TVs and movies, it is so much easier to film a pretend intercourse scene and hide the bodies than it is to show foreplay without showing the rest of the body. I am told for most movies that if you do foreplay for a woman, even if it's not shown, even if the camera doesn't show body parts, you're more likely to get censored for showing foreplay on the woman than more male-oriented sex. We are structuring our entertainment. And what I've learned through writing the series is that people come to their entertainment to learn how to live their lives.

Mindy: Yes, they do.

Laurell: And I don't know, maybe this has always been true, but I certainly know that's what I'm hearing from other people. That reading my books was the first time they realized that women could enjoy sex. That reading my books was the first time they understood that it was supposed to be reciprocal. That it was mutual pleasure and not just about his pleasure. It's not older women telling me this. It is all ages telling me this.

Mindy: Yeah, unfortunately, I think that that has always been the case. The concept of the male being the one that's gonna benefit from the situation and the woman sometimes just taking one for the team. I read really widely and very freely when I was growing up, but there was definitely female pleasure in it. I mean, I was just fortunate. I live in a conservative area. I don't know why, but for whatever reason, I grew up aware that women enjoy this shit and that we should. I was just lucky in that way. I knew that that prism existed. I just wasn't seeing the world through it. In terms of today, what I see more than anything, and I don't work in the school system anymore, but I do move through it as a substitute... What I see more than anything is no one should be doing this period. Don't have sex, kids.

Laurell: Abstinence is what's being pressed, but by teaching abstinence, the teen pregnancy rate's going up. It's not just hurting women though. That's the interesting thing that I finally realized. In doing research for Zaniel Havelock... It's a male first person narrative. I ask questions of my husband and every male friend I had. Every boyfriend I had. Everyone. I'm polyamorous, so I have husband and boyfriends. I asked questions. I read books. There is a societal pressure and expectation that men just want sex, and when I say they just want sex, they just want intercourse. And that men don't enjoy giving or receiving foreplay. And I don't just mean blow jobs. Foreplay for men and foreplay for women. We are taught, still being taught, that men don't want it or need it. And we are still being taught that there's this idea of conquest so... Just get in there. Get out. Get your intercourse. Get your orgasm. Get out. The best sex for men and women is not that. That is not the best sex you're ever going to have in your life. I have dated men that love gentle touch... That love for you to run your fingers over their bodies. Men have a whole body. They're not just their genitals. Just like women do. I know that there are men that like just as much foreplay as the women. And I know that there are men out there that are also oriented, so they need a emotional connection to have good sex. Society doesn't give them the room to say that. Men aren't allowed to say that they need an emotional connection and that they don't want just a rut. Men are treated by other men as if that is a weakness and somehow makes them less manly, and that is so not true. The best sex is after you get to know each other. There is no such thing as the best sex you will ever have is a one-night stand. That is a fallacy. They've actually done studies on that. Best sex comes from partners that you see regularly, and you learn each other's bodies. 

The sad thing for me is I'm still hearing so many women that are having bad sex... That never have an orgasm. One of the interesting things is men are expected to be able to know how to ride this bike without ever having touched the bike before. The first time they get to have sex, they are terrified they're going to do this wrong. Women are conditioned not to talk about what they want and what their desires are. And so here you have the poor guy. He has never been alone with a women. Now they get to have sex, and he is supposed to know how to do all of this with no practice run. And let me just say this right now, please do not use porn as your practice run. Porn teaches you nothing that is usable in real life.

Mindy: That's the truth.

Laurell: Soft core porn... They're doing positions where you can't actually have sex in them. It just looks good on camera. Regular porn also must look good on camera. Good real sex does not look good on camera. No good habits here. Where else can the young people go? People who've never had sex... Where else can they go but porn? Where else in America are they left to go? If they can't talk to their parents or any adult in a real way and ask questions. If they're continuing to censor books so that good positive sex is not gonna be in books anymore, what do you leave but porn? And that's a such a bad place. It doesn't teach you good, good habits. It doesn't teach you things that work well. The sole situation of ignorance is not helpful to anybody. And people say that men talk about sex. Men don't talk about sex. Men do locker room talk about sex. Swinging from the chandeliers... That tells you nothing about real sex. You can't go to your friends and say, "the sex isn't working."

Mindy: I have a really good circle of female friends. We will have very frank conversations with each other, and one friend that has not had as many experiences as the other two of us. And she'll be like, "Okay, wait. How do you do this? How does that work?" More than once my roommate and I have been like, "Okay, come here." My roommate and I will just be on the floor and we'll be like, "it's like this." We will just try to show her how certain things are done or different positions or things like that. And we're laughing and it's funny and we're having a good time. But at the same time, it's so lovely. We're comfortable enough with each other where it's like we're putting ourselves, our own bodies in these positions, but we're also just like teaching her. This is how you do this thing, and I can't imagine a situation where men get to do that with each other.

Laurell: It's been my experience that women talk in more detail about sex than men, and if you have good enough friends, you can ask those kinds of questions. You know, I had a friend come to me and say that her new husband was really well-endowed, and it was hurting. She loves sex, but it was hurting. And I had to ask, "Well, is it a length alone?" I knew positions for length - to help with length. Sadly it was length and width. But she could come to me. She could ask me these questions, and we talked about it. We talked about some positioning. I gave her what advice I had, but you're right. Men are not gonna go to another man and say, "Well, how do I do this?" They're just not gonna do that.

Mindy: No.

Laurell: They're not gonna do that with each other. The best advice I have ever gotten talking to men for another man... Most realistic advice I've ever heard. If you know you're only gonna last three minutes, then you make sure that the hour before those three minutes or two hours before that three minutes is the best hour to two hours she's ever had. I thought that is the most realistic advice I have ever heard.

Mindy: I agree. I think the way that we look at sex in the United States has just robbed so many people of actually having a good time or enjoying another person or persons company.

Laurell: Yes.

Mindy: It just... It makes me very sad. And like I said before, I was raised in a fairly conservative family but also weirdly sex positive. My mom and dad absolutely love each other, and it's obvious. And my mother let me read whatever I wanted to read and there was never any censorship. And it was very helpful to me. As someone that is creating, as you are, art for this world, you also just have to be like, "Okay. Some people are gonna be okay with this element of it," like we said earlier, and some people are just gonna be like, "This is where I draw my line." And I'm like, "That's cool. Then don't read that."

Laurell: One of the things though that I have changed is I put in more detail because so many people don't know how anything works.

Mindy: Yep.

Laurell: It really kind of shocked me how many people don't know how things work. There's hope for us to talk about things in a manner that isn't hostile to each other. I love my country, and when I was raised, one of the things that I was taught is that you could talk about anything and just agree to disagree. I think that somewhere along the way, we've decided that on every topic we will have our opinion and not move from it, and we will not talk together. We will just talk at each other.

Mindy: That's the dividing line that we've all been running right up to and hitting our heads on for a while now. So with all of that in mind and with Smolder coming out here soon, why don't you let people know where they can find you online and where they can find the book.

Laurell: On Twitter, I am LKHamilton. On Instagram, I am LKH underscore official. I don't remember my Facebook. I really honestly to God don't. On TikTok, I'm also LKH underscore official.

Mindy:     Writer Writer Pants on Fire is produced by Mindy McGinnis. Music by Jack Korbel. Don't forget to check out the blog for additional interviews, writing advice and publication tips at Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com. If the blog or podcast have been helpful to you or if you just enjoy listening, please consider donating. Visit Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com and click “support the blog and podcast” in the sidebar.

Non-Fiction Writer Stacy Ennis On Writing to Make Money

Mindy: Welcome to Writer Writer Pants on Fire, where authors talk about things that never happened to people who don't exist. We also cover craft, the agent hunt, query trenches, publishing, industry, marketing and more. I'm your host, Mindy McGinnis. You can check out my books and social media at mindymcginnis dot com and make sure to visit the Writer Writer Pants on Fire blog for additional interviews, query critiques and more as well as full transcriptions of each podcast episode at WriterWriterPants on Fire.com. And don’t forget to check out the Writer, Writer, Pants on Fire Facebook page. Give me feedback, suggest topics you’d like to hear discussed, and let me know if there is someone you’d love to see as a guest.

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Mindy: We're here with Stacy Ennis, who is an author and an entrepreneur, who describes herself as a location independent entrepreneur - meaning that she has moved her business and worked as a freelancer independently in four different countries at this point. So she's gonna talk to us a little bit today about different things that authors can do to find success. Everything from branding to marketing, to all different kinds of avenues of success for authors. So why don't we just start out by you telling us a little bit about what you do and what it means to be location independent.

Stacy: First of all, I am super excited about our conversation 'cause I don't get to talk shop very often. So I've been really looking forward to this. I've been in business for 13 years. I started my business back when I lived in the Dominican Republic. I was a teacher. I taught high school Language Arts, and then continued building that business when we moved to Vietnam and then to Ohio where I got my master's in writing. And then to Idaho where I'm from, and then to Thailand, and now we're in Portugal. Nobody's story is linear. As writers, we're trying to find a path that will let us do the thing that we love most in the world, and we have to be really creative with that. So my first business iteration was called Freelance Expat. I had this brilliant idea that I was going to go around to all the restaurants and businesses and help them have better signs and menus. Turns out that nobody wanted to hire me. I worked in the magazine world for a long time. As we do, we try different things until we find something that sticks, and eventually I got into ghostwriting and I worked in the magazine world for a while - ran Sam's Club's magazine, Healthy Living Made Simple. And then I worked with a Nobel Prize winner for four years as a ghostwriter, and that was so educational, so interesting. And I think both of those things were really catalyst for what I do now, which is I have a team of writers, editors, just phenomenal people that help bring ideas into the world via books. So I get to be like a book sherpa in some ways. So it's pretty cool.

Mindy: You're so right about how we find our way to what we do through circuitous routes sometimes. They never know what is gonna come up next, and it's something that people that work in jobs that are a little more traditional or a little more focused... Sometimes when I talk about my career, how I operate... Like right now, for example, I've been on the road for a little over two weeks. I drove from Ohio to Kansas two weeks ago with my car, probably un-safely loaded with books. And I have a series of school visits out here across Kansas, Missouri, and Arkansas. So I have just been living out of my car and living in hotels for two weeks, and I got another week left. Obviously, I had these school visits planned. I have no idea how many books I'm going to sell, how lucrative it may or may not be on that end. And I just put every single book I owned of my own into the car, and I drove out here and I'm like, "Well, I hope I make some money." When I talk about that and how I operate as a freelancer - you don't know how much money you're gonna make year to year. And as a writer, you don't know if you're gonna get the next idea. If your editor is gonna like the idea. If your publishing house will buy the idea. You don't know. And there's just not a lot of security, obviously. No insurance. No... I have insurance, but I have to pay for it. They don't have retirement. I don't have a 401K. And when I talk about these things, all of my friends that have a traditional job just like break out in hives.

Stacy: Sure. Yeah, 'cause it's scary, right? Having an unknown path, unknown destiny, but it's also thrilling at the same time. 'Cause there's so much adventure ahead of you.

Mindy: Absolutely. I enjoy taking risks and try my best to curve my expenses when I'm on the road. And I was telling my friend last night, when you're traveling like this you end up with these weird windows of not having anywhere to go. So it's like, I gotta check out of this hotel in about 45 minutes and I can't get into my next one until 4 o'clock. And I just kinda got six hours to knock around in my car, and my next hotel is only 20 minutes away. And so it's like, "What shall I do with myself today?" It can wear you down, but generally, I just enjoy being a little bit more free, a little bit unstructured. So talk to me a little bit about someone who wants to be a writer who might be scared of that kind of approach to life.

Stacy: I would say that I have less of an appetite for the uncertainty. I love risk. I'm actually a big risk-taker, but I also have a family that I support. My husband's a stay-at-home dad, and so actually a big focus of mine has been on stabilizing my business and ensuring that I'm growing year over year. Also, we've made some location decisions that take off some of the burden that we had in the US. You mentioned healthcare, right?

Mindy: Yes.

Stacy: So that's one of the great things about the lifestyle that we built is that you actually can make decisions that are supportive of the life and the business that you want, that can also lend some of that stability, but also adventure and fun. So I fell in love, probably like many of the listeners did, with books when I was very young, and at age 7, I knew I wanted to be a writer. What's interesting is that going into that career field, I felt like I always had this message that I was just gonna be like a starving artist. And that was the only path that was available to me. And it was a really limiting mindset, and then I went into teaching just as a post bachelor's "I don't know what to do, but I wanna travel," and quickly realized that working 80 hours a week and making what I was making just was not gonna fly in my life long term. And I read this book, The Well-Fed Writer, by Peter Bowerman. It's gotta be like 2006. It's gotta be really old by now. Really important mindset shift for me. So, the whole point of this book is to make $60,000 a year as a writer. That's the goal that he sets forward for you. You know, to me, that was a crazy amount of money 'cause I was a teacher at the time, and that just seemed like, "Wow, if I could do that, I have arrived."

Mindy: Right.

Stacy: But one of the things that I thought was so internally shifting for me was this idea of utilizing my craft, of my talent, my love, in a way that actually makes money. Not feeling like guilt for using that to earn my income. I kind of always had this idea that that was bastardizing. You know the craft. If I used my talent and skill to earn money, there was something wrong with that. And so that was a big shift. And interestingly, later on, when I went to grad school at the University of Cincinnati, I was in a professional writing program. We had a creative writing program. I actually got that from one very vocal colleague of mine that gave me a lot of hate pursuing this path that I could actually make a good living. Thankfully, I was steeled enough in this idea that you could be working at Starbucks suffering for your manuscript at night, or you could actually be making decent money as a writer or editor, and also pursuing your craft. Why does that have to be a problem? For me, that was huge because I started to think about "What if I could actually have a really abundant life and actually really like what I do?" That was a really interesting shift for me.

Mindy: I love the conversation because I am very familiar with the feeling. Selling out, right? Are you going to make art and be that character of the starving artist that's talented and amazing and just getting by and dies at the age of 35 of tuberculosis, right? Or are going to farm yourself out and use your skills and ghostwrite or co-write or churn out material for other people or for a company and actually make some damn money. I know. I too, when I was younger, was all "do it for the art and be a pure artist and write what you want and don't force things that you don't like." And now I'm just like, "You'll pay me to write a non-fiction proposal about something that I think is utterly ludicrous? Yes. Tell me how much you pay me. I'll make it work." At the end of the day, we might be creatives, but we're also human beings with bodies. And those bodies need to be fed and they need to be sheltered, and we have to pay the bills somehow. So I'm very familiar with this argument. I've had it with myself multiple times. I have been a starving artist, and I have also found ways to make money. I've mentioned multiple times on the podcast, I also write underneath a pen name. And my pen name is absolutely ridiculous silly, silly fluff. When I started doing it, part of me was just like, "Oh man, is this really something you wanna do with your time?" And it makes money. And it's fun. I'm just churning silliness. And it works. You know, I write dark stuff, hard stuff, difficult things, hard topics. That can really drag me down sometimes, and so I'm writing that under my real name. And then I go and I write ridiculous things under my pen name, and it's a relief and I can make money doing both. And I don't have to have a sense of absolute pride in my creativity in this monument to art that I have produced underneath my pen name. I'm like, "Nope, that pays the bills, and I'm good with it."

Stacy: Yes, yes, yes. And well, there's two points there that I'd love to touch on. One is that mindset shift and also that joy that you get that actually feeds your creativity, and that's so important. But then also to build on our earlier discussion on mindset, there's also another level mindset that I found along my journey, and I'd be curious to know if this is true for you too. So first, I had to come around to this idea that - oh, I could actually make a living using my talent and skill and actually something I really enjoy, and it could be more money than I'm actually making now. And potentially, I could have a more abundant life than I have right now. But then there was, I would say maybe... 'cause I've been in business for 13 years, so I'd say maybe the first five, six years where I kind of accepted that I was still not gonna do that well. I'm doing pretty well and maybe I should just be okay with that. And then there was a point when I kinda lifted my head up and was able to kind of anchor in the value that I bring to the clients that I was working with, and I would say this holds really true today.

You know, you mentioned your proposal. I'll talk about non-fiction ghostwriting. When you bring this skill to another human who has something that is so deeply meaningful to them, and you're able to bring this skill and collaborate with them to bring to fruition that they never could have done on their own. So together, you're making something that neither of you could have created. This is beautiful collaboration. That is so valuable. It's more valuable than X dollars an hour. It's more valuable than like, Oh, I could never charge more than X dollars on this type of project. And so I started to recognize that in myself and the value that I bring in the world, and I actually started to divorce myself from market rates. So I actually don't even look at them anymore. That was a huge shift for me, and I think I would be in a very different place if I had always made my pricing decisions based on what other people were dictating my value as.

Mindy: Well, and that's the other thing. When you have a skill, and I run into this a lot with other writers too that offer editorial services or ghostwriting services, even writers that are doing Zoom calls and school visits - people don't want to charge what they're worth. But, often also in the area of the literary world that I move in, it is highly populated by women and women often will not ask what they're worth. It's something that I have started to realize that I wasn't charging enough for a school visit, for a Zoom call, for a library visit, for my editorial rates, I wasn't charging enough. Over the course of the past, maybe, three to five years I have started to raise my rates and people will still pay for it because they recognize the value. Now, at the same time, I will add that when it comes to my school visits and my library visits, I try really, really hard to make myself available. 'Cause I grew up in the middle of nowhere, and I try really hard to make myself available to school districts and libraries that don't have the opportunity to bring somebody in. So for example, like I said, right now, I'm on the road, and there was a really tiny community library in Arkansas that wanted to get me, and I gave him a price and they're like, we can't afford that. And I cut it in half and they were like, "Let us talk to our board. We can't give you anything." Well then, another library 15 minutes away from that one was like, "Hey, we heard you're gonna be here. Will you come?" And I was like, "Yeah," and I gave them my rate, and they were like, "Yeah, no problem." So I emailed the first little library back and I was like, "Listen, I'm gonna be right down the road. I'll do this visit for them. They're gonna pay me. I'm in the area. I'll pop over to yours, and I'll do yours for free."

Stacy: I love that.

Mindy: They were so excited, and it was a wonderful visit. Like it was lovely. And so I always try to have that little balance of, if you can afford me, I am going to ask for what I am worth and what you can afford. And if you can't afford me, I am going to work with you. I do try to move through the world aware of one thing - of the privilege that I have now. That people even want to pay me to show up, right? That is a balance of what I'm worth versus what people can afford, and occasionally finding a space in between.

Stacy: Yes. I love that so much. And it's interesting, since I niche in business and leadership, they see books partially as a marketing investment. So they're coming with an expectation to pay. Like you, I look for opportunities to invest my time freely in other places that I can be giving. That is enabled by charging what I'm worth in other settings, right? 'Cause if I wasn't doing that, I would be so frantic looking for the next gig and not have enough time. Really deeply believe that when you charge what you're worth and then add 20%, 'cause it's probably... Especially if you're a female listening, that really allows you to show up with generosity in other communities.

Mindy: Absolutely, I agree with that. Showing up with generosity because I can. Because this library has plenty of money, and they didn't even blink when I gave them my rate, I'll just show up for you for free. And I love that feeling of being able to do that. I get to do both. Like, I get to make money today, and I get to give back. It's a lovely feeling.

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Mindy: So moving on then into talking about writing as a job and writing as a business. Tell me about some ways that writers... Finding little ways that they can try to make some money apart from their own creative endeavors, their own works of the heart.

Stacy: One of my top pieces of advice for anybody that's getting into writing, maybe it's a second career or maybe they're younger and they're getting into this field, is to pick a professional niche. So pick something where people actually have money and they are expecting to spend money with you. This is part of why I find it can be really difficult editing fiction. Brand new fiction authors often have no budget. It's difficult. It's not that you shouldn't follow that calling, if that's where you're feeling called. But I have found that if you really wanna build a business that is consistently bringing in solid cash flow, that's supporting not just an okay lifestyle but a great lifestyle, pick a professional niche. So for a long time, I worked within health and nutrition. And so I mentioned that Healthy Living Made Simple magazine that I worked with. I mentioned the Noble Prize winner I worked with. And then I also worked - actually, my grad degree - I had a funding through working at a research journal. So I worked at a scientific journal during grad school as well. That was a great niche because again, people that wanna work with, at the time I was mostly editing eventually got into ghostwriting, they have budgets. And that's important. You don't wanna have to convince people of the fact that they need to spend money on you. I know early on I used to get a lot of emails that I bet you've gotten Mindy, and lots of people, where people wanna quote unquote "partner with you." They'll share the royalty at the end of the project if only you'll come in and edit the book. And I feel for those authors because the process of writing and publishing a book is like a baby, and I'm not being dismissive of that.

It's just that I also, again, I'm a sole earner of my family. I have things that I have to pay for. That has been one thing that was a really great decision that I made early on, not really understanding that I was making it. I started working with a lot of business and leadership books, and I really enjoyed that because it's like birthing big ideas. A lot of the time you're helping these really intelligent people make their ideas, pull them together, build frameworks around it, and then that book is a launching pad for so many other things for them. So for me, that was just a really fascinating area to get into. Find something that interests you. I'm also still really interested in science and medicine, so that made it in nutrition. So that was fun. I was always learning, and I was getting paid to do the thing that I'm great at within that niche. But it needs to be something where people have money. They're expecting to pay you something.

Mindy: When it comes to putting yourself out there as a writer that will offer those kinds of services, how do you go about building those skills in the first place?

Stacy: All through even high school, I took extra classes. I was submitting for publication even in high school, and then got a Bachelor's in writing and a Master's in writing and editing. And so I feel like I went this path that most people don't take and that is a long journey. But I've seen some of my colleagues... And actually there's a woman that I worked with for over 10 years now on various projects, and she went a little bit of a different path. And she started with an editing certification which I thought was such a smart way to go about getting also some validity so you can go to potential clients and have this certification. But then, I imagine we'll agree on this one too Mindy, is read. Read. Be a student of the genre that you wanna work in. Absorb what's out there. It doesn't have to be books. I started with articles, and I had really consistent work writing 8 to 12 articles a month for a certain client and doing other content for them too. So I create their social. I would create content strategy. So if maybe going to write books like I'm talking about is freaking somebody out right now, there's other things that you can do. I would also think about, "how do I make that very stable?" Let's say that you work to develop that skill set. You're reading within that genre. You're also ordering other books that you can study from on craft, on developing your writing. Going in a writing, short form content can be very unstable. So I'm always encouraging people to look for when they get a potential client that comes in, getting them on a 6 to 12 month contract versus doing an hourly rate or a per article because that's just a really quick route to being cash poor and stressed out.

Mindy: I remember trying to find ways to freelance and make money and looking at those little jobs, those little content production, getting paid per article and seeing how small they were and realizing how much work I would have to put into writing those and just little throw away things. It was difficult, but it did also help me build some skills, learn how to put myself out there, approach clients, and learn how to do some of that content writing. So I do think that, yes, like getting those larger projects and landing those people that are more likely to pay you is a step towards that financial stability. Having those little jobs, those little gigs, that can be really hard. But they do add up. One of the things that I do on the side, obviously, I run this podcast, and I have the blog of the same name. And the blog's been going for like gosh, 12 years now, the podcast for maybe four or five, and they do make a little money. They don't make a ton, but they make a little bit of money, and so it's something that... It's just, I keep moving forward with it because I have other ideas, things that I'm going to build off of it. And so I started a blog in 2010 and then that turned into a podcast, and now my next step is going to be starting online classes and downloadable courses that people can buy and use and interact with me as a coach or a mentor or an editor, or however they wanna look at it. Sometimes you take that first step a long time ago. That first step was that I started a blog, and now it's a podcast. And hopefully it'll also become an income source for teaching courses, and so those things can build. And as the world changes, you don't know what's gonna come out of it. So obviously when I started the blog, everyone was blogging. Everybody cared about blogs. And now everyone has a podcast, and so it's like, "Okay, I will start a podcast and build off of this." And next I'm gonna do courses, and I don't know what comes after that. You have to stay nimble, I think.

Stacy: Yeah, you're building a foundation. And what's cool is you have so many possibilities ahead of you. I think you make such a great point, just about the building. You triggered this memory. When I was building my business, I went through different phases where I was just like grasping at anything trying to figure out how do I make this work. And I took this gig at a travel company, which by the way, is the worst niche. Don't try to make money travel writing. I tried that. I tried really hard, and nobody wants to pay you. The woman who was essentially functioning as my boss... My Spanish was not great, and I still remember she wanted me to make all these phone calls in Spanish to gather information for some things that I needed to write. And I was just fumbling, a hot mess on all of these calls. My, again, Spanish was very poor at that point. And I remember her being really angry with me and telling me I wasn't trying hard enough to speak Spanish. And then after that, I remember leaving and being like, "Wow, this is not what I was trying to sign up for." I set a goal of sending out 30 query letters to 30 publications in 30 days, which I'm sure you know is a huge undertaking. It was like three to four hours a day of work, and finally, one, one, replied to me. A publisher. And they gave me part of a book for a course at a university, and then that turned into my first book. You just have to keep moving forward until something starts to click and the doors start to open, and you get to build amazing things like you're building.

Mindy: Absolutely. I agree with that completely. Last thing, let listeners know where they can find you online and where they can look at your services that you offer.

Stacy: Sure. So I'm at Stacy Ennis dot com. I also have a podcast, it's called Beyond Better, and I have a blog that I've been running for a long time, just like you, Mindy. I'm on Instagram at Stacy Ennis. I'm on LinkedIn as Stacy Ennis. Those are the places I show up the most frequently. And then I also have a program for aspiring non-fiction authors. It's called Nonfiction Book School, and you can find that at nonfiction book school dot com. I also have a self-study version I just released. So, I feel like you and I are working in tandem on a lot of stuff, Mindy, on putting more things out into the world. The self-study version of this is nonfiction book school dot com slash self study.

Mindy:     Writer Writer Pants on Fire is produced by Mindy McGinnis. Music by Jack Korbel. Don't forget to check out the blog for additional interviews, writing advice and publication tips at Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com. If the blog or podcast have been helpful to you or if you just enjoy listening, please consider donating. Visit Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com and click “support the blog and podcast” in the sidebar.

Juan Pablo Villalobos On Writing Tough Non-Fiction For Teens

Mindy:             Today's guest is Juan Pablo Villalobos, author of The Other side: Stories of Central American Teen Refugees Who Dream of Crossing the Border. Juan Pablo joined me today to talk about the experiences of young refugees and his approach to compiling their stories. Your upcoming title, The Other side: Stories of Central American Teen Refugees Who Dream of Crossing the Border is very timely, of course, and it's sure to be a conversation starter. So could you talk a little bit about what you see as the goal for a piece of young adult nonfiction like this?

Juan Pablo:       Well, first of all, I have to say that actually in Spanish, this book was published by my regular publisher in a Chronicle collection. And it's not exactly addressed to young readers. I mean it's, it's a direct address to the general public. And I think that maybe this book is actually to be written, not just for teenagers. And I thought that it was very important to tell these stories about these teenagers who are fighting for having a future and that their stories can be read exactly by equals in the United States who don't have these problems. I hope that maybe this can contribute to a better understanding of the situation and hopefully this could help to have a better situation for these kids and teenagers in the future.

Mindy:             Stories like this hopefully work to build empathy in their minds.

Juan Pablo:       Yes, empathy is exactly the word for my book. I was thinking the whole time about how to create not just a sensation of sorrow, of fear, but also a more profound and deep understanding of what is the motivation and origin of the stories of these kids. So first of all, I as a, as a writer, and then the readers can just for these maybe couple of hours can feel and understand what is to live like that. To have or not, not to have any hope in the future. You have to run away from your home because you have no options. Because actually one of the important decisions about the book, uh, was to talk about refugees and not immigrants. Because actually these kids are refugees. I mean, they don't have an option to stay in their countries because they are at risk, risk of death, risk of having a whole life. I mean, they don't have an option. So they have to run away. And that's why they decide to make this terrible and very dangerous journey through Mexico. Knowing that in that journey they will be at risk too. But at least they have a choice, a choice to survive. Some of them, sadly, not all of them, some of them succeed. These are their testimonies.

Mindy:             So tell us a little bit about the research that was involved. How did you find these refugees and how did you get them to open up to you about their lives?

Juan Pablo:       Well, obviously I, it had to work hard with NGOs and lawyers that defend and help these kids. This is something that you can't do on your own. I mean, and not just because you can't identify and go directly to these kids, but mainly because you have to take care of them. I mean working through these NGOs and through these lawyers was important not just to have access and select the kids, but also because they know who is prepared to tell their story and who isn't prepared. I mean in a way that when you are interviewing these kids, you can notice that sometimes they are suffering while they are telling their stories because obviously there is some traumatic situations in the past of these kids that are terrible and it's not easy to share with an unknown, a writer with all the good intentions will try to tell their stories. So in the first stage, there's this very careful process through NGOs and lawyers and that I went to the, to the United States, to New York and Los Angeles to interview them. You have to create a safe space, try to connect emotionally and try to make them feel that they can trust in you. Happily, that happened with these eleven kids that opened up to me and shared with me their stories.

Mindy:             And sitting and talking with them, doing this research. I'm sure it's very harrowing for them obviously, but also for you because you're interacting with them and obviously as a writer, empathy must be in your toolbox. And so I'm sure it's difficult. What was it like to have these conversations to learn about their lives and their decisions and then see them go along their way to, you know, their eventual fate. Are you in contact with them?

Juan Pablo:       Well, there's two things that were really interesting. I mean in theory were very interesting. There was a lot of confusion in the way they were telling the stories. Obviously they can't remember things exactly as they happen, not just because it was, as I said before, a traumatic experience. But also because they are kids and learning to tell your story. It's an important part of growing up. But when you have nine years or 11 years or 13, you still don't have all the strategies to tell your own story. So it was very interesting to notice that they still don't have the knowledge to tell their stories in a very structured way. And at the first moment, I mean the first interviews I had an approach similar to being a journalist. I was very worried about details. For example, trying to understand exactly what happened after the first interviews when I noticed this that they have these confusions in their stories.

Juan Pablo:       I came out to the conclusion that this was part of their stories. I mean that I had to respect that, that I couldn't push them to try to remember the things exactly as they happened because actually they don't know. They don't remember and that maybe it was very interesting literarily to reflect that on the book. To respect the original version, not to correct, not to make the work that a journalist would do. Trying to put the pieces together and trying to fact checking the the kids, but to share with the readers these confusions. I thought that that was interesting and actually I had some funny experiences with the translations of the book. Obviously I, I interviewed the kids in Spanish and I work after that with my translators into English and into German. My German publisher wrote to me with some corrections suggested for the book and he was like trying exactly to do what I couldn't do.

Juan Pablo:       And I decided not to do with the stories of this kid saying like, there are some mistakes in the stories, we should take care of this. And I said, no, it's like that. You know what kind of mistakes they were. for example, geographic mistakes. Like when we crossed the border, we arrived to Monterey and it's not Monterey, it's not in the border with Guatemala. Monterey, it's in the North of Mexico. But they are so afraid and so confused when they made this journey that obviously they are not aware of the names of the cities, the dates, the chronology of the facts that happened, et cetera. So that was very interesting. And I decided that this was a book of literature and that this wasn't a journalistic book, that it wasn't necessary to make the fact checking of the stories. And that takes me to the second part of my response that is about not to push them because at some points of their stories they still suffer when they remember.

Juan Pablo:       So if they are telling you, for example, a teenager from Honduras, the last story of the book was telling me about how she was raped in Honduras and she was crying. Well while she was telling me the story, and obviously she was talking about this in fragments, like with a lot of confusion, it wasn't important to get all the details because as I said, it wasn't my intention to make a journalistic work, but it was also like a, like a moral or ethic commitment from my, my point of view, not to push her to make her suffer more because it wasn't necessary to get more details and about my, my emotional implication on that. Yeah, it's true that it's difficult and, and that is hard to talk with them. But at the same time I had all the, I had it very, very clear that my position was very privileged and that I couldn't compare my suffering or my problems or my conflict with the situation that they were living. So for me that suffering or that conflict wasn't important. I mean, it was insignificant. Who am I? Who am I? I'm, I'm an, I'm also an immigrant. I'm a Mexico living in Spain from a long time, but I'm a a privileged, privileged one. I came here to study a PhD. I always had a legal residency, so I can't compare my situation to them.

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Mindy:             You also write short stories and you have several adult novels published. So when you are writing fiction or something different from The Other Side, do you approach the craft differently when you're a genre is changing like that?

Juan Pablo:       First of all, this is nonfiction. It's my first book of nonfiction. I worked a lot on articles and papers that are nonfiction, but this is my first book of nonfiction and this is my first book for young readers. So it was different. Yeah, because when I write fiction I had this total freedom to make the decisions, the creative decisions. And when you're working with, with these kinds of books, like The Other Side, you have like a frame. And obviously I make a lot of decisions as similar to those that I take when I write a fiction book. Because actually my idea was to take the testimonies just like a base to build something using strategies from fiction. And I should say that maybe you can read the book as nonfiction in the content. I mean the stories are real, but it's fiction in the form and actually it's almost like a short story book.

Juan Pablo:       And when I say that is fiction, it's like fiction in the form. I can put as a very simple example in one of the stories, the one called, uh, It Was Like A Current, But When I Touched it, It Was Just Ice. That story. It's a diary. This kid, he didn't write a diary, so I organized the information of his story, like a diary and I mean all, all the things that you read in that diary are true. But I decided to tell them as a diary. The decision of what to put first and the days are similar to those of the origin story, but the form is fiction. There's no diary. This kid, he didn't write a diary, so I organize the information as a diary, but all you read on that story is true. It happened.

Mindy:             What made you decide to approach that particular story in that form?

JP Villalobos.png

Juan Pablo:       I had to make that kind of decisions the whole time. And actually that happened because I had a huge crisis when I came back to Barcelona, after I made the interviews. I had all the testimonials recorded and I hear over and over the testimonials as I write them. I noticed that if I just make a book of testimonies, and I mean if I respect 100% the version and the way the kids were telling their stories, I felt that maybe the book would be maybe repetitive, that it can lose some of his power to create empathy. I remember that I wrote it to my publisher at FSG to Grace Kendall, and I asked her to give me permission to work with the material and I said, I need some kind of freedom to work with this. If we really want this to work, I need to use some strategies from fiction, but it will be a nonfiction book.

Juan Pablo:       She liked the idea and she wrote to me and to enthusiastically to tell me, yeah, please go on. So I then went back to the material and I selected some excerpts, some fragments, and I decided the point of view, I decided whether in each story to select some fragments and even to decide not to tell the whole story of each kid, but to select a fragment that the reader can feel like the, like the whole book was like a puzzle. Like if you read one, one of the stories is happening back in El Salvador or Honduras or Guatemala. Another story is in the border between Mexico and Guatemala and other stories in Mexico. Another one is in the border between Mexico and the United States. And then you have stories that happened in the freezers in the States or in New York, et cetera. And so reading the whole book, complete the whole picture.

Mindy:             I like that. I love that blending of the fiction approach to nonfiction. I think that's really interesting. So you mentioned that this was your first time writing something for young adults, but at the same time you believe that this, anyone can read this and relate and benefit from it. So when you went about putting together the book, were you specifically framing it for teens or were you just telling the story?

Juan Pablo:       I wasn't worried about being inappropriate, first of all, because I believe that you can't be condescending with the readers in general, not just with young readers, but in general. You can't think like, Oh, I maybe put this in a different way because my reader is not that smart. He won't understand right? No. Not just young readers in general. After this books, I wrote a children's book, my first children's book, and uh, and I remember that I had this profound feeling that I have to make the same work that I make when I write a novel for adults, but that I had to be very conscious of who was the reader, not for to decide not to talk about something because it can be inappropriate. No. Just because you have to find an adequate tone, a point of view strategy to get the attention of the readers, et cetera. But at the end, I remember that, that a friend of mine, a writer who has a lot of experience writing for children, he told me something like books for children are the same. Just don't use bad words and don't talk about sex and drugs, but the rest is the same. I mean existential conflict, all the feelings that you have, all the intellectual problems that you can put in the novel. It's the same. Just be aware not to talk about drugs and sex and everything will be fine. Wonderful. It was a very useful recommendation.